Polymyxin B is a strongly cationic cyclic antibiotic isolated from Bacillus polymyxa. It inhibits growth of microorganisms, including E. coli. It is a variable mixture of B1 and B2, with approximate molecular weight 1450. Polymyxins combine with cell membranes and disrupt normal permeability to small molecules.
Because of its affinity for bacterial cell membranes (which are lipopolysaccharides, also called endotoxins), Polymyxin B has been immobilized on agarose and used to remove endotoxins from solutions. Histamine agarose has been used for the same purpose.